Electric Dipole - Electric dipole moment

 Electric Dipole

A system of two point charge having same magnitude but opposite in nature Separated by very small distance is called Electric dipole.

Electric Dipole Moment

Product of the charge and distance between the two charge is called Electric dipole moment.               =>1. It is a vector quantity.                                                                                                                         =>2. Its direction is from Negative charge to positive charge along the axis of dipole.                       =>3. Its SI unit is coulomb meter.                                                                                                               =>4. Its dimensional formula is [LTA]

Torque acting on Electric dipole placed in uniform electric field.

Resultant Force    F_R=0  -In uniform Electric field

                             a = 0   -Translational Equilibrium For any value 𝜃

Resultant torque

𝝀=𝝀₁+𝝀₂

=l(qE)sinƟ+l(qE)sinƟ

=2qElsinƟ

𝝀=PEsinƟ     where P=q х 2l

                                          =Electric dipole moment  

1. If 𝜃= 0ᵒ/180             

                            𝝀min =0

   

         α   =0 –Rotational Equilibrium

                                       As well as

                              Translational Equilibrium

                                             As well as

                                Mechanical equilibrium

Stable(𝜃=0ᵒ),   Unstable(𝜃=180ᵒ),    Neutral

2. If 𝜃= 90ᵒ

           𝝀max =PE

Workdone in rotating an Electric dipole placed in an Electric field.

Workdone in rotating an Electric dipole in an Electric field.

Electric potential due to an Electric dipole.

In Right angle triangle BMP

1. If 𝜃 = 0ᵒ / 180ᵒ [END- ON- POSITION]

Expression For Electric Field due to an Electric dipole.

Electric field due to an Electric dipole